The main disadvantage of the distance vector protocol is that it doesn’t scale well and also tends to respond very slowly, the algorithm requires the exchange of the large message. Since each routing table consists an entry for each possible network, message size is proportional to the total number of networks in an internet. Also, further more because the distance vector protocol requires every router to participate, the volume of the information exchanged can be very large. Because that each routing table consists of the every possible network bit, the distance vector protocol needs that every router to participate the volume information which is exchanged is very huge.
The first and the foremost alternative to the distance vector routing protocols is basically a class of algorithms which is known as the link state or the link status or the Shortest path first (SPF). The SPF algorithm then requires each participating router to have the complete topology information. Every router has a map which shows all other routers and the networks to which they connect. In the network analysis terms, the router corresponds to the nodes in a graph and networks which connect the network routers which in short corresponds to the edges. There is an edge link between two nodes if and only if the corresponding routers can communicate directly. Instead of sending the messages of the actively present in the neighboring routers which are nothing but the router which computes the routes independently without referring to the techniques which are employed to the limit or the group size of the Dijkstra’s algorithm which is basically the shortest path algorithm to the resulting graph which is formed at the top level of the techniques.
Thus the SPF algorithm m which is employed in the finding of shortest path is the same which is employed by the neighboring techniques. So, whenever the link state changes, the router recomposes the routes by applying the shortest path rules. The link state routes are very complex in structures.


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